Kamis, 19 Maret 2015

Tugas 1: Conditional Sentence



          Name          : Dede Saripah
          Npm           : 11211799
          Class           : 4EA17


CONDITIONAL
SENTENCES



A.    Definition
Conditional sentences are sentences expressing factual implications, or hypothetical situations and their consequences. They are so called because the validity of the main clause of the sentence is conditional on the existence of certain circumstances, which may be expressed in a dependent clause or may be understood from the context.
A full conditional sentence (one which expresses the condition as well as its consequences) therefore contains two clauses: the dependent clause expressing the condition, called the protasis; and the main clause expressing the consequence, called the apodosis (wikipedia).
         Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if) is fulfilled.


B.    Types of a Conditional Sentence

1.      Type I  (Future)
The type 1 conditional is used to refer to the present or future where the situation is real. The type 1 conditional refers to a possible condition and its probable result.
The formula:
If Clause
Main Clause
If + Simple Present tense
Future tense       (will,can,may+verb1 )

Example;
1.      If you ask me, i will help you.
2.      If you study hard, You will finish your thesis.
3.      If you don’t hurry, You will miss the train.
4.      If i have enough money, I will buy the Victoria Secret.
5.      If i have enough time, i will watch the Java Jazz Festival
6.      If he is here tommorow, he will help me finish my homework.

2.      Type II  (Present)
      "Second conditional" refers to the pattern where the condition clause is in the past tense, and the consequence in conditional mood (using would or, in the first person and rarely, should). This is used for hypothetical, counterfactual situations in a present or future time frame (where the condition expressed is known to be false or is presented as unlikely).
       Is a structure used for talking about unreal situations in the present or in the future. The second conditional is used to talk about things which are unreal (not true or not possible) in the present or the future, things which don’t or won’t happen.
The formula:
If Clause
Main Clause
If + Simple Past tense
Past Future tense     (would ,could,might+ verb1)

Example;
1.      If he called me now, I would be very happy
Fact: He doesn’t call me now, so i’m not happy
2.      If you came, you would see my boyfriend
Fact: You don’t see my boyfriend because you don’t come
3.      If I had money, I could buy the iphone 6
Fact: I don’t have money, so I can’t buy the iphone 6
4.      If i were you, I would take the chance.
Fact: I don’t take the chance because i’m not you
5.      If i had time, I could go to cinema.
Fact: I dont have time, so I can’t go to cinema

3.      Type III  (Past)

"Third conditional" is the pattern where the condition clause is in the past perfect, and the consequence is expressed using the conditional perfect. This is used to refer to hypothetical, counterfactual (or believed likely to be counterfactual) situations in the past.
The formula:
If Clause
Main Clause
If + Past Perfect tense
Past Future Perfect tense
(would /could/might have + past participle)

Example;
1.      If she had been beautiful, you would have liked.
Fact: She was not beautiful, so you didn’t like her
2.      If you hadn’t practiced well, you would not have won the competition.
Fact: You practiced well, so you won the competition
3.       If you had gone to the grocery, You would have got a milk.
Fact : You were not go to the grocery, So you didn’t get a milk.
4.      If he had driven carefully, he would have not got accident.
Fact: He was not drive carefully, so he got accident


REFERENCE:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_sentence#First_conditional
http://www.edufind.com/english-grammar/conditional/
http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/conditional2.htm
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/conditional-sentences/type-3

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